Template-type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Gaetan de Rassenfosse Author-Workplace-Name: Ecole polytechnique federale de Lausanne Author-Name: Paul Jensen Author-Workplace-Name: University of Melbourne Author-Name: T'Mir Julius Author-Workplace-Name: University of Melbourne Author-Name: Alfons Palangkaraya Author-Workplace-Name: Swinburne University of Technology Author-Name: Elizabeth Webster Author-Workplace-Name: Swinburne University of Technology Title: Are foreigners treated equally under the TRIPs Agreement? Abstract: The TRIPS Agreement, administered by the World Trade Organisation, ensures the smooth functioning of the international patent system. It promises among others that local and foreign firms are treated in the same, non-discriminatory manner. We test for whether national treatment has been upheld in the five largest patent offices and document the existence of a systematic bias against foreign firms in patent examination decisions. We find that filing international patent applications under the Patent Cooperation Treaty can reduce some of the bias. Classification-JEL: O34, F13, F23, K2, K4 Keywords: discrimination; global patent system; national treatment Length: 40 pages Creation-Date: 2019-11 File-URL: https://cdm-repec.epfl.ch/iip-wpaper/WP16.pdf File-Format: application/pdf Handle: RePEc:iip:wpaper:16